Nestled in the northwest, Hoa Binh province stands as a strategic gateway, connecting the bustling capital of Hanoi with the Red River Delta, north central and northeastern regions. Its unique location also links it to Upper Laos, making it a pivotal area for trade and cultural exchange.


 Scientific studies and discoveries at the Phung Quyen cave site in Mai Hich communie, Mai Chau district, confirm that Hoa Binh was home to ancient Vietnamese people about 24,000 years ago.

Hoa Binh is synonymous with the globally renowned Hoa Binh culture, considered the cradle of ancient Vietnamese civilisation. This region is steeped in myths, folklore, and legends, offering a rich tapestry of ethnic festivals, cultural heritage, and traditional music. The sounds of gongs resonate through the landscape, and folk traditions and epic songs tell the stories of the Muong, Dao, Tay, Thai, Mong, and other ethnic groups who call this land home. The province is a cultural treasure trove that reflects the essence of Vietnam’s ethnic diversity and profound humanistic values.

Dr. Nguyen Viet, Director of the Southeast Asia Prehistory Centre, has conducted extensive studies on the area, confirming its significance as one of Vietnam's most archaeologically rich regions. Over the past century, both Vietnamese and foreign archaeologists have been captivated by the Hoa Binh culture, which remains a unique prehistoric marvel nearly a century after its global recognition in 1932.

Vietnam boasts over 130 sites related to the Hoa Binh culture, with the province itself home to 72 recognised and studied sites. The culture is closely linked to French archaeologist Dr. Madeleine Colani (1866-1943), whose early discoveries of prehistoric remains in Hoa Binh revealed the existence of a previously unknown culture of hunting and gathering.

Viet noted that among the Hoa Binh culture sites, the Xom Trai cave in Tan Lap commune, Lac Son district, is considered the most significant. This site is a prime example of the Hoa Binh culture in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Recent studies indicate that this location dates back between 7,000 to 22,000 years.

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